Axiom ax-rep 3596

Description: Axiom of Replacement. An axiom scheme of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. Axiom 5 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 19. It tells us that that the image of any set under a function is also a set (see the variant funimaex 4596). Although ph may be any wff whatsoever, this axiom is useful (i.e. its antecedent is satisfied) when we are given some function and ph encodes the predicate "the value of the function at w is z." Thus ph will ordinarily have free variables w and z- think of it informally as ph(w, z). We prefix ph with the quantifier A.y in order to "protect" the axiom from any ph containing y, thus allowing us to eliminate any restrictions on ph. This makes the axiom usable in a formalization that omits the logically redundant axiom ax-17 1605. Another common variant is derived as axrep5 3601, where you can find some further remarks. A slightly more compact version is shown as axrep2 3598. A quite different variant is zfrep6 4641, which if used in place of ax-rep 3596 would also require that the Separation Scheme axsep 3605 be stated as a separate axiom.

There is very a strong generalization of Replacement that doesn't demand function-like behavior of ph. Two versions of this generalization are called the Collection Principle cp 6091 and the Boundedness Axiom bnd 6092.

Many developments of set theory distinguish the uses of Replacement from uses the weaker axioms of Separation axsep 3605, Null Set axnul 3612, and Pairing axpr 3686, all of which we derive from Replacement. In order to make it easier to identify the uses of those redundant axioms, we restate them as axioms ax-sep 3606, ax-nul 3613, and ax-pr 3687 below the theorems that prove them.

Assertion

Ref	Expression
ax-rep	|- (A.wE.yA.z(A.yph -> z = y) -> E.yA.z(z e. y <-> E.w(w e. x /\ A.yph)))

Distinct variable group:   x,y,z,w

Detailed syntax breakdown of Axiom ax-rep

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		wph	. . . . . . 7 wff ph
2		vy	. . . . . . 7 set y
3	1, 2	wal 1584	. . . . . 6 wff A.yph
4		vz	. . . . . . . 8 set z
5	4	cv 1585	. . . . . . 7 class z
6	2	cv 1585	. . . . . . 7 class y
7	5, 6	wceq 1586	. . . . . 6 wff z = y
8	3, 7	wi 3	. . . . 5 wff (A.yph -> z = y)
9	8, 4	wal 1584	. . . 4 wff A.z(A.yph -> z = y)
10	9, 2	wex 1615	. . 3 wff E.yA.z(A.yph -> z = y)
11		vw	. . 3 set w
12	10, 11	wal 1584	. 2 wff A.wE.yA.z(A.yph -> z = y)
13	5, 6	wcel 1588	. . . . 5 wff z e. y
14	11	cv 1585	. . . . . . . 8 class w
15		vx	. . . . . . . . 9 set x
16	15	cv 1585	. . . . . . . 8 class x
17	14, 16	wcel 1588	. . . . . . 7 wff w e. x
18	17, 3	wa 337	. . . . . 6 wff (w e. x /\ A.yph)
19	18, 11	wex 1615	. . . . 5 wff E.w(w e. x /\ A.yph)
20	13, 19	wb 219	. . . 4 wff (z e. y <-> E.w(w e. x /\ A.yph))
21	20, 4	wal 1584	. . 3 wff A.z(z e. y <-> E.w(w e. x /\ A.yph))
22	21, 2	wex 1615	. 2 wff E.yA.z(z e. y <-> E.w(w e. x /\ A.yph))
23	12, 22	wi 3	1 wff (A.wE.yA.z(A.yph -> z = y) -> E.yA.z(z e. y <-> E.w(w e. x /\ A.yph)))

This axiom is referenced by:  axrep1 3597  axnulALT 3611

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